How to format timestamp in outgoing JSON

Question

I've been playing with Go recently and it's awesome. The thing I can't seem to figure out (after looking through documentation and blog posts) is how to get the time.Time type to format into whatever format I'd like when it's encoded by json.NewEncoder.Encode

Here's a minimal Code example:

package main

type Document struct {
    Name        string
    Content     string
    Stamp       time.Time
    Author      string
}

func sendResponse(data interface{}, w http.ResponseWriter, r * http.Request){
     _, err := json.Marshal(data)
    j := json.NewEncoder(w)
    if err == nil {
        encodedErr := j.Encode(data)
        if encodedErr != nil{
            //code snipped
        }
    }else{
       //code snipped
    }
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/document", control.HandleDocuments)
    http.ListenAndServe("localhost:4000", nil)
}

func HandleDocuments(w http.ResponseWriter,r *http.Request) {
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
    w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*")

    switch r.Method {
        case "GET": 
            //logic snipped
            testDoc := model.Document{"Meeting Notes", "These are some notes", time.Now(), "Bacon"}    
            sendResponse(testDoc, w,r)
            }
        case "POST":
        case "PUT":
        case "DELETE":
        default:
            //snipped
    }
}

Ideally, I'd like to send a request and get the Stamp field back as something like May 15, 2014 and not 2014-05-16T08:28:06.801064-04:00

But I'm not really sure how, I know I can add json:stamp to the Document type declaration to get the field to be encoded with the name stamp instead of Stamp, but I don't know what those types of things are called, so I'm not even sure what to google for to find out if there is some type of formatting option in that as well.

Does anyone have a link to the an example or good documentation page on the subject of those type mark ups (or whatever they're called) or on how I can tell the JSON encoder to handle time.Time fields?

Just for reference, I have looked at these pages: here and here and of course, at the official docs

Answer 1

What you can do is, wrap time.Time as your own custom type, and make it implement the Marshaler interface:

type Marshaler interface {
    MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error)
}

So what you'd do is something like:

type JSONTime time.Time

func (t JSONTime)MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
    //do your serializing here
    stamp := fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\"", time.Time(t).Format("Mon Jan _2"))
    return []byte(stamp), nil
}

and make document:

type Document struct {
    Name        string
    Content     string
    Stamp       JSONTime
    Author      string
}

and have your intialization look like:

 testDoc := model.Document{"Meeting Notes", "These are some notes", JSONTime(time.Now()), "Bacon"}    

And that's about it. If you want unmarshaling, there is the Unmarshaler interface too.