XPATH to select NEAREST preceding node

Question

How can I select the nearest preceding node called BName that DOES NOT have a parent called "Test" in Xpath 2.0?

Expression I'm thinking of is something like:

preceding::BName[1](not[@parent::Test])

Answer 1

Try

preceding::BName[not(parent::Test)][1]

Explanation

preceding::BName

selects all preceding nodes with name BName in reverse document order.

preceding::BName[not(parent::Test)]

only keeps the nodes which don't have a parent with name Test, i.e. removes all nodes with a Test parent.

preceding::BName[not(parent::Test)][1]

selects the first node. Since the node set is in reverse document order, this is the node nearest to the context node.

Example

Given the document

<Document>
    <Container>
        <BName id="1"/>
    </Container>
    <Container>
        <BName id="2"/>
    </Container>
    <Test>
        <BName id="3"/>
        <Context/>
    </Test>
</Document>

the expression

//Context/preceding::BName[not(parent::Test)][1]

selects the node

<BName id="2"/>