I have a dexterity content type and I would like there to only ever be one of these in a folder. I cannot find any documentation to cover this. How is it accomplished?
You can add an event-listener, which applies on creation of your type and removes your type of the addable-types of its parent, like described in:
https://developer.plone.org/content/types.html#constraining-the-addable-types-per-type-instance
Consequently you probably also want to redo the setting when deleting this contenttype, by adding another event-listener for the deletion.