Flood fill recursive algorithm

Question

I'm trying to make an algorithm that could fill an int array in c#. Basically, as the fill tool in MS Paint, I have a color and if I choose (x,y) coordinates in the array, it replaces all the neighbours with the same initial color with the new color.

Ex :

[0,0,0]
[0,1,0]
[1,1,0]

If I put 3 in (0,0), the array becomes :

[3,3,3]
[3,1,3]
[1,1,3]

So I tried it in recursive and it does work, but not all the time. Actually, I have sometimes a "Stack Overflow" error (seems appropriate). Here's my code, it would be great if you could tell me what's wrong :)

public int[,] fill(int[,] array, int x, int y, int initialInt, int newInt)
{
    if (array[x, y] == initialInt)
    {
        array[x, y] = newInt;

        if (x < array.GetLength(0) - 1)
            array = fill(array, (x + 1), y, initialInt, newInt);
        if (x > 0)
            array = fill(array, (x - 1), y, initialInt, newInt);

        if (y < array.GetLength(1) - 1)
            array = fill(array, x, (y + 1), initialInt, newInt);
        if (y > 0)
            array = fill(array, x, (y - 1), initialInt, newInt);
    }

    return array;
}

Thanks !

Answer 1

How about using a stack/queue to manage the remaining work?

public void Fill(int[,] array, int x, int y, int newInt)
{
    int initial = array[x,y];

    Queue<Tuple<int,int>> queue = new Queue<Tuple<int,int>>();
    queue.Push(new Tuple<int, int>(x, y));

    while (queue.Any())
    {
        Tuple<int, int> point = queue.Dequeue();

        if (array[point.Value1, point.Value2] != initial)
            continue;

        array[point.Value1, point.Value2] = newInt;

        EnqueueIfMatches(array, queue, point.Value1 - 1, point.Value2, initial);
        EnqueueIfMatches(array, queue, point.Value1 + 1, point.Value2, initial);
        EnqueueIfMatches(array, queue, point.Value1, point.Value2 - 1, initial);
        EnqueueIfMatches(array, queue, point.Value1, point.Value2 + 1, initial);        
    }
}

private void EnqueueIfMatches(int[,] array, Queue<Tuple<int, int>> queue, int x, int y, int initial)
{
    if (x < 0 || x >= array.GetLength(0) || y < 0 || y >= array.GetLength(1))
        return;

    if (array[x, y] == initial)
       queue.Enqueue(new Tuple<int, int>(x, y));
}