Why doesn't hoisting exist in C#?

Question

I use both Javascript and C# on a daily basis and I sometimes have to consider hoisting when using Javascript. However, C# doesn't seem to implement hoisting(that I know of) and I can't figure out why. Is it more of a design choice or is it more akin to a security or language constraint that applies to all statically typed languages?

For the record, I'm not saying i WANT it to exist in C#. I just want to understand why it doesn't.

EDIT: I noticed the issue when I declared a variable after a LINQ query, but the LINQ query was deferred until after the variable declaration.

    var results = From c In db.LoanPricingNoFee Where c.LoanTerm == LoanTerm
                   && c.LoanAdvance <= UpperLimit Select c
                   Order By c.LoanInstalment Ascending;

    Int LoanTerm = 12;

Throws an error whereas:

    int LoanTerm = 12;

    var results = From c In db.LoanPricingNoFee Where c.LoanTerm == LoanTerm
                   && c.LoanAdvance <= UpperLimit Select c
                   Order By c.LoanInstalment Ascending;

Does not.

Answer 1

"Is it more of a design choice or is it more akin to a security or language constraint that applies to all statically typed languages?"

It's not a constraint of static typing. It would be trivial for the compiler to move all variable declarations to the top of the scope (in Javascript this is the top of the function, in C# the top of the current block) and to error if a name was declared with different types.

So the reason hoisting doesn't exist in C# is purely a design decision. Why it was designed that way I can't say I wasn't on the team. But it was probably due to the ease of parsing (both for human programmers and the compiler) if variables are always declared before use.