How to execute raw SQL in Flask-SQLAlchemy app

Question

How do you execute raw SQL in SQLAlchemy?

I have a python web app that runs on flask and interfaces to the database through SQLAlchemy.

I need a way to run the raw SQL. The query involves multiple table joins along with Inline views.

I've tried:

connection = db.session.connection()
connection.execute( <sql here> )

But I keep getting gateway errors.

Answer 1

SQLAlchemy 2.0:

with engine.connect() as connection:
    result = connection.execute(text('SELECT * FROM your_table'))
    # do something with the result..

SQLAlchemy 1.x:

from sqlalchemy import text

sql = text('select name from penguins')
result = db.engine.execute(sql)
names = [row[0] for row in result]
print names

Note that db.engine.execute() is "connectionless", which is deprecated in SQLAlchemy 2.0.