If a SQLite database using write-ahead logging is interrupted with un-checkpointed transactions (due to a power failure or whatever), then reopened with the temporary -wal file missing, will the database open cleanly to its state as of the last checkpoint, or will it be corrupted in some way?
We're trying to get SQLite working with iCloud (yes, we know you're not supposed to do that, but we also make a Windows and an Android app and need a cross-platform database solution), and we think that WAL provides a potential way to avoid having to maintain two copies of our database - we'd keep the -wal file outside of iCloud but store the main database in it, thus avoiding the problem of iCloud backing up rollback journals (or backing up databases mid-transaction without those journals).
The file format documentation mentions a "hot WAL file", but this applies only to uncommitted data.
The database file itself does not contain any information about committed data in the -wal file, i.e., transactions before a checkpoint typically do not alter the main database file at all.
Therefore, deleting the -wal file will simply restore the database to the state it was after the last checkpoint (which is outdated, but consistent); all transactions committed later will just be lost.