Spring applicationContext.xml: "The markup in the document following the root element must be well-formed"

Question

I searched through the same questions but unfortunately I couldn't find the solution. I face with the following exception:

    Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 32 in XML document from class path resource [applicationContext.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 32; columnNumber: 2; The markup in the document following the root element must be well-formed.
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:396)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:243)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:131)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:530)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:444)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at Main.main(Main.java:18)
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 32; columnNumber: 2; The markup in the document following the root element must be well-formed.
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:198)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.fatalError(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:177)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:441)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:368)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLScanner.reportFatalError(XMLScanner.java:1388)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$TrailingMiscDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:1382)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:607)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:116)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:489)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:835)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:764)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:123)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(DOMParser.java:237)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(DocumentBuilderImpl.java:300)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:75)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:388)
    ... 14 more

and this is my applicationContext.xml:

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springHibernate" />
    <context:annotation-config />
    <bean id="DataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myapp" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="password" />
    </bean>
    <!-- Beans Declaration -->
    <bean id="User" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.User"/>
    <bean id="Institute" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.Institute"/>

    <!-- User Service Declaration -->
    <bean id="UserBoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.bo.impl.UserBoImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="UserDaoImpl" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="InstituteBoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.bo.impl.InstituteBoImpl">
        <property name="instituteDao" ref="InstituteDaoImpl" />
    </bean>

    <!-- User DAO Declaration -->
    <bean id="UserDaoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="InstituteDaoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.dao.impl.InstituteDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>    
<bean id="SessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="DataSource" />
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
            <value>com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.User</value>
            <value>com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.Institute</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
</bean>

I don't know what the reason of exception is ... I appreciate your comments.

Answer 1

The <beans> tag is closed and then more bean definitions are added. Move the closing beans tag so it nests the bean definitions. Another related thing that can burn you with XML config files is using the format tool within your IDE. Never format the XML config with a tool, it can add additional whitespace to your xml which gets interpreted breaking your configuration.

In a nutshell your doing this:

<beans>
    <bean id="1"/>
</beans>
<bean id="2"/>
<bean id="3"/>

When it should be like:

<beans>
   <bean id="1"/>
   <bean id="2"/>
   <bean id="3"/>
</beans>

Full Configuration With Changes

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springHibernate" />
    <context:annotation-config />
    <bean id="DataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="password" />
    </bean>
    <!-- Beans Declaration -->
    <bean id="User" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.User"/>
    <bean id="Institute" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.Institute"/>

    <!-- User Service Declaration -->
    <bean id="UserBoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.bo.impl.UserBoImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="UserDaoImpl" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="InstituteBoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.bo.impl.InstituteBoImpl">
        <property name="instituteDao" ref="InstituteDaoImpl" />
    </bean>

    <!-- User DAO Declaration -->
    <bean id="UserDaoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    <bean id="InstituteDaoImpl" class="com.mycompany.myapp.core.dao.impl.InstituteDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
    </bean>

<bean id="SessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="DataSource" />
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
            <value>com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.User</value>
            <value>com.mycompany.myapp.core.model.Institute</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="SessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>