How to pretty print XML from the command line?

Question

Related: How can I pretty-print JSON in (unix) shell script?

Is there a (unix) shell script to format XML in human-readable form?

Basically, I want it to transform the following:

<root><foo a="b">lorem</foo><bar value="ipsum" /></root>

... into something like this:

<root>
    <foo a="b">lorem</foo>
    <bar value="ipsum" />
</root>

Answer 1

xmllint from libxml2

xmllint --format file.xml

(On Debian based distributions install the libxml2-utils package)

xml_pp from the XML::Twig perl module

xml_pp < file.xml

(On Debian based distributions install the xml-twig-tools package)

XMLStarlet

xmlstarlet format --indent-tab file.xml

Tidy

tidy -xml -i -q file.xml

Python's xml.dom.minidom

echo '<root><foo a="b">lorem</foo><bar value="ipsum" /></root>' |
  python -c 'import sys, xml.dom.minidom; print(xml.dom.minidom.parseString(sys.stdin.read()).toprettyxml())'

saxon-lint (my own project)

saxon-lint --indent --xpath '/' file.xml

saxon-HE

echo '<root><foo a="b">lorem</foo><bar value="ipsum" /></root>' |
  java -cp /usr/share/java/saxon/saxon9he.jar net.sf.saxon.Query \
       -s:- -qs:/ '!indent=yes'

xidel

xidel --output-node-format=xml --output-node-indent -se . -s file.xml

(Credit to Reino)

Output for all commands:

<root>
  <foo a="b">lorem</foo>
  <bar value="ipsum"/>
</root>