I have a special question to shell scripting.
Simple scripting is no Problem for me but I am new on this and want to make me a simple database file.
So, what I want to do is:
- Search for filetypes (i.e. .nfo) <-- should be no problem :)
- read inside of each found file and use some strings inside
- these string of each file should be written in a new file. Each found file informations
should be one row in new file
I hope I explained my "project" good.
My problem is now, to understand how I can tell the script it has to search for files and then use each of this files to read in it and use some information in it to write this in a new file.
I will explain a bit better.
I am searching for files and that gives me back:
file1.nfo
file2.nfo
file3.nfo
Ok now in each of that file I need the information between 2 lines. i.e.
file1.nfo:
<user>test1</user>
file2.nfo:
<user>test2</user>
so in the new file there should now be:
file1.nfo:user1
file2.nfo:user2
OK so:
find -name *.nfo > /test/database.txt
is printing out the list of files. and
sed -n '/<user*/,/<\/user>/p' file1.nfo
gives me back the complete file and not only the information between <user> and </user>
I try to go on step by step and I am reading a lot but it seems to be very difficult.
What am I doing wrong and what should be the best way to list all files, and write the files and the content between two strings to a file?
EDIT-NEW:
Ok here is an update for more informations. I learned now a lot and searched the web for my problems. I can find a lot of informations but i don´t know how to put them together so that i can use it.
Working now with awk is that i get back filename and the String.
Here now the complete Informations (i thought i can go on by myself with a bit of help but i can´t :( )
Here is an example of: /test/file1.nfo
<string1>STRING 1</string1>
<string2>STRING 2</string2>
<string3>STRING 3</string3>
<string4>STRING 4</string4>
<personal informations>
<hobby>Baseball</hobby>
<hobby>Baskeball</hobby>
</personal informations>
Here an example of /test/file2.nof
<string1>STRING 1</string1>
<string2>STRING 2</string2>
<string3>STRING 3</string3>
<string4>STRING 4</string4>
<personal informations>
<hobby>Soccer</hobby>
<hobby>Traveling</hobby>
</personal informations>
The File i want to create has to look like this.
STRING 1:::/test/file1.nfo:::Date of file:::STRING 4:::STRING 3:::Baseball, Basketball:::STRING 2
STRING 1:::/test/file2.nfo:::Date of file:::STRING 4:::STRING 3:::Baseball, Basketball:::STRING 2
"Date of file" should be the creation date of the file. So that i can see how old is the file.
So, that´s what i need and it seems not easy.
Thanks a lot.
UPATE ERROR -printf
find: unrecognized: -printf
Usage: find [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS]
Search for files and perform actions on them.
First failed action stops processing of current file.
Defaults: PATH is current directory, action is '-print'
-follow Follow symlinks
-xdev Don't descend directories on other filesystems
-maxdepth N Descend at most N levels. -maxdepth 0 applies
actions to command line arguments only
-mindepth N Don't act on first N levels
-depth Act on directory *after* traversing it
Actions:
( ACTIONS ) Group actions for -o / -a
! ACT Invert ACT's success/failure
ACT1 [-a] ACT2 If ACT1 fails, stop, else do ACT2
ACT1 -o ACT2 If ACT1 succeeds, stop, else do ACT2
Note: -a has higher priority than -o
-name PATTERN Match file name (w/o directory name) to PATTERN
-iname PATTERN Case insensitive -name
-path PATTERN Match path to PATTERN
-ipath PATTERN Case insensitive -path
-regex PATTERN Match path to regex PATTERN
-type X File type is X (one of: f,d,l,b,c,...)
-perm MASK At least one mask bit (+MASK), all bits (-MASK),
or exactly MASK bits are set in file's mode
-mtime DAYS mtime is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
or exactly N days in the past
-mmin MINS mtime is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
or exactly N minutes in the past
-newer FILE mtime is more recent than FILE's
-inum N File has inode number N
-user NAME/ID File is owned by given user
-group NAME/ID File is owned by given group
-size N[bck] File size is N (c:bytes,k:kbytes,b:512 bytes(def.))
+/-N: file size is bigger/smaller than N
-links N Number of links is greater than (+N), less than (-N),
or exactly N
-prune If current file is directory, don't descend into it
If none of the following actions is specified, -print is assumed
-print Print file name
-print0 Print file name, NUL terminated
-exec CMD ARG ; Run CMD with all instances of {} replaced by
file name. Fails if CMD exits with nonzero
-delete Delete current file/directory. Turns on -depth option
All you need is:
find -name '*.nfo' | xargs awk -F'[><]' '{print FILENAME,$3}'
If you have more in your file than just what you show in your sample input then this is probably all you need:
... awk -F'[><]' '/<user>/{print FILENAME,$3}' file
Try this (untested):
> outfile
find -name '*.nfo' -printf "%p %Tc\n" |
while IFS= read -r fname tstamp
do
awk -v tstamp="$tstamp" -F'[><]' -v OFS=":::" '
{ a[$2] = a[$2] sep[$2] $3; sep[$2] = ", " }
END {
print a["string1"], FILENAME, tstamp, a["string4"], a["string3"], a["hobby"], a["string2"]
}
' "$fname" >> outfile
done
The above will only work if your file names do not contain spaces. If they can, we'd need to tweak the loop.
Alternative if your find doesn't support -printf (suggestion - seriously consider getting a modern "find"!):
> outfile
find -name '*.nfo' -print |
while IFS= read -r fname
do
tstamp=$(stat -c"%x" "$fname")
awk -v tstamp="$tstamp" -F'[><]' -v OFS=":::" '
{ a[$2] = a[$2] sep[$2] $3; sep[$2] = ", " }
END {
print a["string1"], FILENAME, tstamp, a["string4"], a["string3"], a["hobby"], a["string2"]
}
' "$fname" >> outfile
done
If you don't have "stat" then google for alternatives to get a timestamp from a file or consider parsing the output of ls -l - it's unreliable but if it's all you've got...