I'm trying to make a GUI using Tkinter and have come to implementing a menu bar. I've looked at a few tutorials and written some code for it, but a menu bar never seems to appear - just a blank frame with a white background. This doesn't just happen for my code though; on copying and pasting the code of one of the aforementioned tutorials into a new script, the same behaviour is exhibited.
I'd appreciate it if anyone could shed any light on what's causing this. My system is OS X 10.5, Python 2.7, Tk 8.4. Here's the code from the tutorial that doesn't appear to work:
#!/usr/local/bin/python2.7
from Tkinter import *
from ttk import *
class App(Frame):
def __init__(self):
Frame.__init__(self)
self.master.geometry('400x300')
self.master.title(__file__)
self.pack()
self.menu = Menu(tearoff=False)
self.master.config(menu = self.menu)
fm = self.file_menu = None
fm = Menu(self.menu, tearoff=False)
self.menu.add_cascade(label='File', menu = fm)
fm.add_command(label='Say Hello', command = self.say_hello)
fm.add_separator()
fm.add_command(label='Quit', command = self.quit)
self.mainloop()
def say_hello(self, *e):
self.label = Label(self.master, text='Hello there!')
self.label.pack(anchor=CENTER, fill=NONE, expand=YES, side=LEFT)
if __name__ == '__main__':
App()
and my code is here:
from Tkinter import *
class App(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
parent.title("Cluedo Solver 1.0")
menubar = Menu(root)
menubar.add_command(label="File")
menubar.add_command(label="Quit", command=root.quit())
root.config(menu=menubar)
root=Tk()
root.geometry("300x250+300+300")
app=App(root)
root.mainloop()
Code with Explanation
From personal experience, I have found that it is usually easier to manage all widgets in a widgets method. That is what I did here, and it worked. Also, instead of parent, I used master. I will now walk you through the code step-by-step.
from Tkinter import *
We import Tkinter (GUI stuff)
class App(Frame):
We create a class called App
, which is the Frame
where widgets are held.
def __init__(self, master):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.widgets()
We create a method called __init__
. This initializes the class, and runs another method called widgets
.
def widgets(self):
menubar = Menu(root)
menubar.add_command(label="File")
menubar.add_command(label="Quit", command=root.quit())
root.config(menu=menubar)
We create the widgets
method. This is where the widget, menubar
is added. If we were to create anymore widgets, they would also be here.
root=Tk()
root.title("Menubar")
app=App(root)
root.mainloop()
Lastly, we give the entire window some properties. We give it a title, Menubar
, and run the App
class. lastly, we start the GUI's mainloop with root.mainloop
.