"The action of the default handlers is to print an explanatory message and exit." (link)
Example of such message:
X Error of failed request: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter)
Major opcode of failed request: 12 (X_ConfigureWindow)
Resource id in failed request: 0xc0007a
Serial number of failed request: 140
Current serial number in output stream: 141
If I set (XSetErrorHandler) my own "ignore everything" error handler, the "explanatory messages" disappear.
How to make Xlib ignore errors, but still print error messages?
You have to format your own message. The contents of the message is the contents of the XErrorEvent struct:
http://tronche.com/gui/x/xlib/event-handling/protocol-errors/default-handlers.html