I am building a recommendation system for dishes. Consider a user eating french fries and rates it a 5. Then I want to give a good rating to all the ingredients that the dish is made of. In the case of french fires the linked words should be "fried" "potato" "junk food" "salty" and so on. From the word Tsatsiki I want to extract "Cucumbers", "Yoghurt" "Garlic". From Yoghurt I want to extract Milk product, From Cucumbers vegetable and so on.
What is this problem called in Natural Language Processing and is there a way to address it?
I have no data at all, and I am thinking of building web crawler that analyzes the web for the dish. I would like it to be as little Ad-Hoc as possible and not necessarily in English. Is there a way, maybe in within deep learning to do the thing? I would not only a dish to be linked to the ingredients but also a category: junk food, vegetarian, Italian food and so on.
This type of problem is called ontology engineering or ontology building. For an example of a large ontology and how it's structured, you might check out something like YAGO. It seems like you are going to be building a boutique ontology for food and then overlaying a rating's system. I don't know of any ontologies out there of the form you're looking for, but there are relevant things out there you should take a look at, for example, this OWL-based food ontology and this recipe ontology.