ruby Kernel: method behaves as instance method

Question

class C
  def aaa
     print "aaa"
  end
end

C.new.aaa
# => "aaa"

now works method print from module Kernel

Kernel.methods.grep /^print/
# => [:printf, :print]

this means, that this method defines as class method.

Kernel doesn't have instance method print

Kernel.instance_methods.grep /^print/
# => []

So the first question is: How could it be, that class method calls from the object receiver? (C.new)

---

Also I tried do the same trick with own Module:

module M
  def self.print
    "111"
  end
end

class C
include M
  def aaa
     print 
  end
end

C.new.aaa
# => nil

You see, again it is Kernel module

but hierarchy tree is:

C.ancestors
# => [C, M, Object, Kernel, BasicObject]

M.methods.grep /^print/
# => [:print]

method defined as in Kernel. I can override only as instance method

module M
  def print
    "111"
  end
end


M.instance_methods.grep /^print/
# => [:print]

so how Kernel do this? how Kernel puts class method as instance method?

Answer 1

1.9.3-p327 :002 > Kernel.private_instance_methods.grep /^print/
=> [:printf, :print]

instance_methods only gives you a list of public instance methods. Since Kernel is included by Object, its private instance methods are always available, so there's no need to make them public.