Just like facebook SDK, is there any SDK available to integrate vimeo videos in android application?
The API is open to any language as it answers to HTTP calls.
if you need to show private videos as well, you need to use the Advanced API and this is a little bit more complicate as it's more secure. The Advanced API uses OAuth 1.0 for authentication.
What you probably want to know is if there's an Android Wrapper of the Vimeo API witch I know none, but as said, it's simple calls that sends you JSON or XML objects and if using the Advanced API, there are plenty of libraries to handle the authentication.