Sequence points when calling functions in C and undefined/unspecified behaviour

Question

I'm trying to pin down my understanding of sequence points in C -- just wanted to check something. At present, I believe that (1) is undefined whereas (2) is merely unspecified, on the basis that in (2), there are sequence points after evaluating the arguments for g and h (so we're not modifying i twice between sequence points), but the order of evaluation of the arguments of f is still unspecified. Is my understanding correct?

#include <stdio.h>

int g(int i) {
    return i;
}

int h(int i) {
    return i;
}

void f(int x, int y) {
    printf("%i", x + y);
}

int main() {
    int i = 23;
    f(++i, ++i); // (1)
    f(g(++i), h(++i)); // (2)
    return 0;
}

EDIT:

It seems the key point here is whether the compiler is free to perform both the increments before either g or h is called -- my understanding from the answers below is that it is, although I'd appreciate confirmation that that's the case.

Answer 1

No, per 6.5.2.2 10 there is no sequence point between the evaluation of subexpression arguments, just before the actual call.

One way of looking at it is that it is unspecified whether the behaviour is undefined; if the implementation sequences the two ++i subexpressions before any call to g or h then the behaviour is undefined, but if the ++i subexpressions are evaluated as late as possible (immediately before calling g and h respectively) then the behaviour is unspecified. However, because the implementation is always at liberty to choose between any allowed unspecified behaviour then the overall result is undefined.