I want to create HTML Pages containing addresses that should be detected by the Mobile Safari automatically to allow a quick connection/linking to the address book (for example: to allow creating new address book entries)
I have tried several basic formats but did not yet found a working solution.
Is this even possible and if so, what format should an address have to be able to be detected?
In short you can't. Please see the Apple URL scheme on the Safari Developer Library for more information on what is supported.
But you can't cheat a bit by offering your visitors to get your Vcard file sent by email (The iOS mail app supports this).
There is a good article and interesting comments on the Code Train blog.
Michael