How to calculate X.509 certificate's SHA-1 fingerprint in C/C++/Objective-C?

Question

Background:

I am writing a client utility which is capable of connecting to a remote server using SSL/TLS. The client uses OpenSSL to perform the SSL/TLS transactions and I would like to allow users to specify authorized CA Certs (in the case of self signed certs or private CA setups) used to sign the server's certificate. I plan on using the cert's fingerprint, common name, and validity dates to allow the user to quickly view the certs the client uses to validate servers.

Question:

How do you calculate the SHA1 hash/fingerprint of an X509 cert stored within a PEM file using C/C++/Objective-C?

After days of search and experimenting I found a solution and will post it as an answer, however I welcome better or more correct solutions.

Answer 1

I found below to yield identical output to above:

+(NSData *)sha1:(SecCertificateRef) cert {
    // fingerprint is over canonical DER rep.
    CFDataRef data = SecCertificateCopyData(cert);
    NSData * out = [[NSData dataWithBytes:CFDataGetBytePtr(data) length:CFDataGetLength(data)] sha1Digest];
    CFRelease(data);
    return out;
}

which is a bit shorter in objective C. It needs the below extensions to NSData/NSString though to get the formatting close to Netscape, OSX or Windows.

- (NSData *)md5Digest
{
    unsigned char result[CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];

    CC_MD5([self bytes], (CC_LONG)[self length], result);
    return [NSData dataWithBytes:result length:CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
}

- (NSData *)sha1Digest
{
    unsigned char result[CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH];

    CC_SHA1([self bytes], (CC_LONG)[self length], result);
    return [NSData dataWithBytes:result length:CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH];
}

- (NSString *)hexStringValue
{
    NSMutableString *stringBuffer = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:([self length] * 2)];

    const unsigned char *dataBuffer = [self bytes];
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < [self length]; ++i)
    {
        [stringBuffer appendFormat:@"%02lx", (unsigned long)dataBuffer[i]];
    }

    return [stringBuffer copy];
}


- (NSString *)hexColonSeperatedStringValue
{
    return [self hexColonSeperatedStringValueWithCapitals:YES];
}

- (NSString *)hexColonSeperatedStringValueWithCapitals:(BOOL)capitalize {
    NSMutableString *stringBuffer = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:([self length] * 3)];

    const unsigned char *dataBuffer = [self bytes];
    NSString * format = capitalize ? @"%02X" : @"%02x";
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < [self length]; ++i)
    {
        if (i) 
            [stringBuffer appendString:@":"];
        [stringBuffer appendFormat:format, (unsigned long)dataBuffer[i]];
    }

    return [stringBuffer copy];
}