Make clock update in real time by passing variable from PHP to javascript

I can make a clock appearing with correct time based on $time_zone1. So far so good. The only problem is that the clock does not update every second - or at all. I have struggled with solution where time is created in javascript (instead of using $current_time_formatted), but that did not work as javascript always created clock using my local time instead of the time set in $time_zone1.

Also, I want to be able to change 'America/New_York' to other time zone. So, in PHP, I will fetch a certain time zone, say that now $time_zone='Europe/London'. So, somehow I have to tell javascript to create clock for 'Europe/London', instead of 'America/New_York'. That is,

$time_zone1 = new DateTime('now', new DateTimeZone($time_zone))

<?php
// Create a DateTime object for the current time
// 'America/New_York', 'Europe/London', 'Asia/Tokyo'
$time_zone1 = new DateTime('now', new DateTimeZone('America/New_York'));

// Format the current time
$current_time_formatted = $time_zone1->format('H:i:s');
?>

<!-- Display the clock -->
<div id="clock"><?php echo $current_time_formatted; ?> America/New_York</div>

<!-- JavaScript for updating the clock -->
<script>
function updateTime() {
    // Get the clock element
    var clock = document.getElementById('clock');
    
    // Update the clock display using the PHP variable directly
    clock.innerHTML = '<?php echo $current_time_formatted; ?>' + ' America/New_York';
}

// Update the clock every second
setInterval(updateTime, 1000);
</script>

Solution

You can make the time in JavaScript for a specific timezone using Intl.DateTimeFormat

<?php
$time_zone = "America/New_York";
?>

<!-- Display the clock -->
<div id="clock"> <?php echo $time_zone; ?></div>

<!-- JavaScript for updating the clock -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.7.1.min.js" integrity="sha256-/JqT3SQfawRcv/BIHPThkBvs0OEvtFFmqPF/lYI/Cxo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<script>
    $(document).ready(function() {
        function updateTime() {
            let options = {
                timeZone: "<?php echo $time_zone; ?>",
                timeStyle: 'medium',
            };

            formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat([], options);

            // Get the clock element
            var clock = document.getElementById('clock');

            // Update the clock display using the PHP variable directly
            clock.innerHTML = formatter.format(new Date()) + ' <?php echo $time_zone; ?>';
        }

        // Update the clock every second
        setInterval(updateTime, 1000);
    })
</script>